This is an anterior frontal view through the central part of the head with exposure of the sphenoid sinus, nasal cavity, and medial portions of the infratemporal fossae. The pharyngotympanic tube can be seen projecting into the lateral wall of the nasopharynx. The nasal septum unites with the superior surface of the hard palate, which separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity. The tensor veli palatini muscle can be seen descending along the lateral surface of the medial pterygoid plate before its tendon “hooks” around the hamulus of this plate to enter the soft palate. The maxillary nerve and nerve of the pterygoid canal can be seen within their respective bony canals en route to the pterygopalatine fossa. The mandibular nerve is shown emerging from the foramen ovale in the roof of the infratemporal fossa. (Image courtesy of AL Rhoton, Jr.)