Panoramic view of the superior aspects of the orbit and adjacent spaces. Neurovascular structures to the orbit can be seen traversing the superior orbital fissure and apex of the orbit. The ophthalmic artery and optic nerve course within the optic canal. The oculomotor, trochlear, opthalmic branch of the trigeminal, and the abducens nerves course through the superior orbital fissure. Bony removal has revealed the frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses and several segments of the course of the internal carotid artery are visible. The maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve enters the pterygopalatine fossa through foramen rotundum and the mandibular branch enters the infratemporal fossa through foramen ovale. (Image courtesy of AL Rhoton, Jr.)